The Halligan bar is one of the most trusted and versatile tools in firefighting and rescue operations. Its unique design—featuring an adze, fork, and pike—makes it essential for prying, twisting, punching, and striking tasks. Whether breaching doors or gaining access to locked buildings, mastering Halligan techniques can dramatically improve efficiency and safety on the fireground.
Understanding the Halligan Bar
Before using a Halligan effectively, it’s important to understand its parts:
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Adze: The wedge-shaped blade used for prying and spreading.
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Fork: A two-pronged end designed for twisting, pulling, or removing hinges.
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Pike: The pointed spike used for punching holes or breaching walls.
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Striking Surface: Often used in combination with a flathead axe (known as “the irons”) for maximum impact.
Preparing for Forcible Entry
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Assess the Situation: Identify the type of door or barrier and potential hazards.
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Select the Best Entry Point: Look for hinges, lock placement, or weak spots.
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Use Proper PPE: Always wear gloves, helmet, eye protection, and turnout gear.
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Work with a Partner: Most Halligan techniques are safer and more effective when paired with a striking tool operator.
Basic Techniques for Using a Halligan
1. Gap and Pry
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Place the adze or fork between the door and frame.
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Use controlled pressure to create a gap.
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Pry outward to spread the frame and disengage the lock.
2. The “Set, Force” Method
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“Set” the adze or fork in the gap.
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Have your partner strike the Halligan’s shoulder or back to drive it deeper.
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“Force” the door by applying leverage outward or upward.
3. Fork Twisting for Hinges
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Position the fork over a hinge.
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Twist to break or bend the hinge pins, freeing the door.
4. Adze Entry for Deadbolts
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Use the adze at the lock height.
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Angle and twist to shear the bolt or spread the frame.
5. Using the Pike for Punching
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Drive the pike through drywall or siding to check for fire extension or utilities.
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Use it to create purchase points for pulling material.
Advanced Halligan Techniques
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Through-the-Lock Entry: Use the adze or fork to manipulate and remove lock cylinders without destroying the door.
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Roof Operations: The Halligan can punch ventilation holes or pry open roofing material.
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Vehicle Extrication: Use the tool to wedge open jammed car doors or windows in rescue scenarios.
Safety Tips and Best Practices
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Keep Hands Clear: Always be aware of pinch points when prying.
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Use Leverage, Not Strength: Let the tool’s design do the work to reduce fatigue.
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Communicate with Your Partner: Coordinate strikes and prying actions.
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Maintain Your Tool: Inspect regularly for cracks or burrs, and clean after every use.
Conclusion
The Halligan bar remains an indispensable forcible entry tool for firefighters and rescue personnel. By learning proper techniques—such as gapping, prying, twisting, and through-the-lock entry—firefighters can save critical seconds during emergencies. With practice and teamwork, the Halligan bar becomes not just a tool, but an extension of the firefighter’s skill and confidence on the job.
